Table of Contents 1. Introduction 8 1.1. What is this Report About? 8 1.2. Definitions 8 1.3. Summary Methodology 10 1.4. About Strategic Defence Intelligence 11 2. Executive Summary 12 3. Market Attractiveness and Emerging Opportunities 14 3.1. Current Market Scenario 15 3.1.1. Primary Threat Perception 15 3.1.2. Military Doctrine & Strategy 17 3.1.3. Military Fleet Size 20 3.1.4. Procurement Programs 23 3.1.5. Top Procurement Programs by Value (US$ Million) 2018-2023 25 3.1.6. Social, Political, and Economic Environment & Support for Defense Projects 26 3.1.7. Political and Strategic Alliances 27 3.2. Defense Market Size Historical and Forecast 28 3.2.1. The Malaysian defense budget is expected to reach US$4.5 billion by 2023, at a CAGR of 2.53% 28 3.2.2. Modernization of the armed forces, participation in UN peacekeeping operations, and territorial disputes are the major drivers of the Malaysian defense industry 30 3.2.3. Defense budget as a percentage of GDP will average 0.96% over the forecast period 32 3.3. Analysis of Defense Budget Allocation 34 3.3.1. Capital expenditure allocation is expected to increase slightly over the forecast period 34 3.3.2. The Malaysian defense capital expenditure is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.90%, over the forecast period 36 3.3.3. Defense expenditure allocation on Others is expected to remain highest over the forecast period 38 3.3.4. Budget allocation on others is expected to remain highest over the forecast period 39 3.3.5. Per capita defense expenditure is expected to increase during the forecast period 43 3.4. Homeland Security Market Size and Forecast 44 3.4.1. Malaysian homeland security expenditure is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.46% over the forecast period 44 3.4.2. The homeland security expenditure in Malaysia is mainly driven by rising criminal activities and natural disasters 46 3.4.3. Malaysia is “moderately affected” by terrorism 48 3.4.4. Malaysia faces “moderate risk” from acts of terrorism 49 3.4.5. Malaysia has a terrorism index score of “3.3” 51 3.5. Benchmarking with Key Global Markets 52 3.5.1. Malaysian defense expenditure is expected to increase over the forecast period 52 3.5.2. Malaysian defense expenditure is lower than other Asian countries 54 3.5.3. The Malaysian defense budget as a percentage of GDP is expected to decline over the forecast period 55 3.6. Market Opportunities: Key Trends and Growth Stimulators 56 3.6.1. Top 10 Defense Market Sectors by Value (US$ Million) - Projections over the period 2018-2023 56 3.6.2. Multi-Role Aircraft 57 3.6.3. Physical Security 58 3.6.4. Land-based C4ISR 59 4. Defense Procurement Market Dynamics 60 4.1. Import Market Dynamics 62 4.1.1. Malaysian defense imports are expected to increase over the forecast period 62 4.1.2. Spain and France to remain the key arms suppliers to Malaysia 63 4.1.3. Aircraft accounted for the majority of imports during 2013-2017 64 4.2. Export Market Dynamics 65 4.2.1. Negligible defense exports for Malaysia 65 5. Industry Dynamics 66 5.1. Five Forces Analysis 66 5.1.1. Bargaining power of supplier: low 67 5.1.2. Bargaining power of buyer: medium to high 67 5.1.3. Barrier to entry: medium 67 5.1.4. Intensity of rivalry: medium to high 67 5.1.5. Threat of substitution: Medium 68 6. Market Entry Strategy 69 6.1. Market Regulation 69 6.1.1. The Malaysian defense industry is largely driven by the government’s offset policy 69 6.2. Market Entry Route 70 6.2.1. Budgeting Process 70 6.2.2. Procurement Policy and Process 71 6.2.3. Entry through technology transfer program 71 6.2.4. Entry through partnerships with domestic defense companies 72 6.2.5. Defense exhibitions can be used as a direct entry route into the Malaysian defense industry in the form of Exports 73 6.3. Key Challenges 74 6.3.1. Negligible defense exports pose a challenge for domestic defense companies 74 6.3.2. Limited defense budget discourages investors from market entry 74 6.3.3. Corruption and a lack of transparency impede the growth of Malaysia’s defense industry 74 6.3.4. Malaysia’s new economic policy (NEP) limits the entry of foreign investors 75 7. Competitive Landscape and Strategic Insights 76 7.1. Competitive Landscape Overview 76 7.2. Key Foreign Companies 79 7.2.1. Leonardo Malaysia: Overview 79 7.2.2. Leonardo Malaysia: Products and services 79 7.2.3. Leonardo Malaysia: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 79 7.2.4. Leonardo Malaysia: alliances 80 7.2.5. Leonardo Malaysia: recent contract wins 81 7.2.6. Sukhoi: Overview 82 7.2.7. Sukhoi: Products and services 82 7.2.8. Sukhoi: recent contract wins 82 7.2.9. Denel Land Systems: Overview 83 7.2.10. Denel Land Systems: Products and services 83 7.2.11. Denel Land Systems: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 83 7.2.12. Denel Land Systems: alliances 83 7.2.13. Denel Land Systems: recent contract wins 84 7.3. Key Public Sector Companies 85 7.3.1. SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd: overview 85 7.3.2. SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd: products and services 85 7.3.3. SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 87 7.3.4. SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd: Alliances 87 7.3.5. SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd: recent contract wins 87 7.3.6. SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd: Overview 88 7.3.7. SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd: Products and services 88 7.3.8. SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 88 7.3.9. SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd: Recent contract wins 89 7.3.10. AIROD Sdn Bhd: Overview 90 7.3.11. AIROD Sdn Bhd: Products and services 90 7.3.12. AIROD Sdn Bhd: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 92 7.3.13. AIROD Sdn Bhd: Alliances 92 7.3.14. AIROD Sdn Bhd: Recent contract wins 93 7.4. Key Private Sector Companies 94 7.4.1. Boustead Naval Shipyard: Overview 94 7.4.2. Boustead Naval Shipyard: Products and services 94 7.4.3. Boustead Naval Shipyard: Alliances 95 7.4.4. Boustead Naval Shipyard: Recent contract wins 95 7.4.5. Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd: Overview 97 7.4.6. Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd: Products and services 97 7.4.7. Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 97 7.4.8. Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd: Alliances 98 7.4.9. Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd: Recent contract wins 98 7.4.10. DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd: Overview 99 7.4.11. DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd: Products and services 99 7.4.12. DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd: Recent announcements and strategic initiatives 99 7.4.13. DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd: Alliances 100 7.4.14. DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd: Recent contract wins 101 7.4.15. Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd: overview 102 7.4.16. Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd: products and services 102 7.4.17. Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd: recent announcements and strategic initiatives 102 7.4.18. Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd: alliances 102 7.4.19. Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd: recent contract wins 103 7.4.20. D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd: Overview 104 7.4.21. D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd: Products and services 104 7.4.22. D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd: Recent contract wins 104 8. Business Environment and Country Risk 105 8.1. Economic Performance 105 8.1.1. Nominal GDP per capita 105 8.1.2. GDP at current prices (US$) 106 8.1.3. Exports of Goods and Services (Current LCU Billion) 107 8.1.4. Imports of Goods and Services (Current LCU Billion) 108 8.1.5. Gross National Disposable Income (US$ billion) 109 8.1.6. LCU per US$ (period average) 110 8.1.7. Market Capitalization of Listed Companies (US$ Billion) 111 8.1.8. Market capitalization of listed companies (% of GDP) 112 8.1.9. Government cash surplus/deficit as a percentage of GDP (LCU) 113 8.1.10. Goods exports as a percentage of GDP 114 8.1.11. Goods imports as a percentage of GDP 115 8.1.12. Services imports as a percentage of GDP 116 8.1.13. Service exports as a percentage of GDP 117 8.1.14. Foreign Direct Investment, Net (BoP, current US$ billion) 118 8.1.15. Net foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP 119 8.1.16. Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities Output (LCU Billion) 120 9. Appendix 121 9.1. About SDI 121 9.2. Disclaimer 121

List of Tables Table 1: Malaysian Army Strength 20 Table 2: Malaysian Air Force Strength 21 Table 3: Malaysian Navy Strength 22 Table 4: Malaysian - Ongoing Development and Procurement Programs 23 Table 5: Malaysian - Future Procurement Programs 24 Table 6: Top Malaysian Defense Procurement Programs by Value (US$ Million) 2018-2023 25 Table 7: Malaysian Defense Expenditure (MYR Billion & US$ Billion), 2014-2023 28 Table 8: Malaysian GDP Growth and Defense Expenditure as a Percentage of GDP Growth, 2014-2023 32 Table 9: Malaysian Defense Budget Split Between Capital and Revenue Expenditure (%), 2014-2023 34 Table 10: Malaysian Defense Capital Expenditure (MYR Billion and US$ Million), 2014-2023 36 Table 11: Malaysian Defense Budget Split Between Military Services (Army, Air Force, Navy and Others) (%), 2014-2023 38 Table 12: Malaysian Defense Budget in MYR Billion - Breakdown by Services (Army, Navy, Air Force and Others) 2014-2023 39 Table 13: Malaysian Defense Budget in US$ Billion - Breakdown by Services (Army, Navy, Air Force and Others) 2014-2023 41 Table 14: Malaysian Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2014-2023 43 Table 15: Malaysian Homeland Security Expenditure (MYR Billion & US$ Billion), 2014-2023 44 Table 16: Terrorism Index, 2018 49 Table 17: Benchmarking with Key Markets - 2014-2018 vs. 2019-2023 52 Table 18: Top 10 Malaysian Defense Market Sectors by Value (US$ Million) - 2018-2023 56 Table 19: Malaysian Defense Offset Regulations 69 Table 20: Malaysian Budget Formation Timetable 70 Table 21: Market Entry by Key Foreign Companies 72 Table 22: Top 10 Defense Suppliers in The Nigerian Defense Industry - By Value (US$ Million) 2018-2023 76 Table 23: Competitive Landscape of the Malaysian Defense Industry 77 Table 24: Leonardo Malaysia - Product Focus 79 Table 25: Leonardo Malaysia - Alliances 80 Table 26: Leonardo Malaysia - Recent Contract Wins 81 Table 27: Sukhoi - Product Focus 82 Table 28: Sukhoi - Recent Contract Wins 82 Table 29: Denel Land Systems - Product Focus 83 Table 30: Denel Land Systems - Alliances 83 Table 31: Denel Land Systems - Recent Contract Wins 84 Table 32: SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 85 Table 33: SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd - Alliances 87 Table 34: SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 87 Table 35: SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 88 Table 36: SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 89 Table 37: AIROD Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 90 Table 38: AIROD Sdn Bhd - Alliances 92 Table 39: AIROD Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 93 Table 40: Boustead Naval Shipyard - Product Focus 94 Table 41: Boustead Naval Shipyard - Alliances 95 Table 42: Boustead Naval Shipyard - Recent Contract Wins 95 Table 43: Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 97 Table 44: Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd - Alliances 98 Table 45: Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 98 Table 46: DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 99 Table 47: DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd - Alliances 100 Table 48: DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 101 Table 49: Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 102 Table 50: Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd - Alliances 102 Table 51: Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 103 Table 52: D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd - Product Focus 104 Table 53: D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd - Recent Contract Wins 104List of Figures Figure 1: Malaysian Defense Expenditure (MYR Billion), 2014-2023 29 Figure 2: Malaysian Defense Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2014-2023 29 Figure 3: Malaysian GDP Growth vs. Defense Expenditure as Percentage of GDP, 2014-2023 33 Figure 4: Malaysian Defense Budget Split Between Capital and Revenue Expenditure (%), 2014-2023 35 Figure 5: Malaysian Defense Capital Expenditure (MYR Billion), 2014-2023 37 Figure 6: Malaysian Defense Capital Expenditure (US$ Million), 2014-2023 37 Figure 7: Malaysian Defense Budget Split Between Army, Navy, Air Force and Others, 2014-2023 38 Figure 8: Malaysian Defense Budget in MYR Billion - Breakdown by Services (Army, Navy, Air Force and Others) 2014-2023 40 Figure 9: Malaysian Defense Budget in US$ Billion - Breakdown by Services (Army, Navy, Air Force and Others) 2014-2023 42 Figure 10: Malaysian Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2014-2023 43 Figure 11: Malaysian Homeland Security Expenditure (MYR Billion), 2014-2023 45 Figure 12: Malaysian Homeland Security Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2014-2023 45 Figure 13: Terrorism Heat Map, 2018 48 Figure 14: Terrorism Index, 2018 51 Figure 15: Benchmarking with Key Markets - 2014-2018 vs. 2019-2023 53 Figure 16: Defense Expenditure of the World’s Largest Military Spenders (US$ Billions), 2018 and 2023 54 Figure 17: Defense Expenditure as a Percentage of GDP of Largest Military Spenders (%), 2018 55 Figure 18: Multi-role Aircraft Market Size (US$ Million), 2018-2023 57 Figure 19: Physical Security Market Size (US$ Million), 2018-2023 58 Figure 20: Land-based C4ISR Market Size (US$ Million), 2018-2023 59 Figure 21: Malaysian Defense Procurements in Terms Of Their Supplier Relationships 61 Figure 22: Malaysian Defense Import Trend, 2013-2017 (TIV values) 62 Figure 23: Malaysian Defense Import by Country, 2013-2017 (TIV values) 63 Figure 24: Malaysia Defense Imports by Category (%), 2013-2017 64 Figure 25: Industry Dynamics - Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 66 Figure 26: Malaysian GDP Per Capita at Constant Prices (US$), 2015-2025 105 Figure 27: Malaysia - GDP at Current Prices (US$ Billion), 2015-2025 106 Figure 28: Malaysian Exports of Goods and Services (LCU Billion), 2005-2014 107 Figure 29: Malaysian Imports of Goods and Services (LCU Billion), 2005-2014 108 Figure 30: Malaysian Gross National Disposable Income (US$ Billion), 2005-2014 109 Figure 31: Malaysia LCU per US$, 2015-2024 110 Figure 32: Malaysian Market Capitalization of Listed Companies (US$ Billion), 2005-2012 111 Figure 33: Malaysian market capitalization of listed companies (% of GDP), 2005-2012 112 Figure 34: Malaysian Government cash surplus/deficit as % of GDP (LCU), 2005-2012 113 Figure 35: Malaysia - Goods exports as a % of GDP (%), 2005-2013 114 Figure 36: Malaysia - Goods imports as a % of GDP (%), 2005-2013 115 Figure 37: Malaysian Services imports as a % of GDP (%), 2005-2013 116 Figure 38: Malaysia Service exports as a % of GDP (%), 2005-2013 117 Figure 39: Malaysia - Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$ Billion), 2005-2013 118 Figure 40: Malaysian Net foreign direct investment as % of GDP, 2005-2013 119 Figure 41: Malaysian Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities Output (LCU Billion), 2005-2014 120

Leonardo Malaysia, Sukhoi Denel Land Systems SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd SME Aerospace Sdn Bhd AIROD Sdn Bhd Boustead Naval Shipyard Sapura Thales Electronics Sdn Bhd DRB Hicom Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd Labuan Shipyard & Engineering Sdn Bhd D’Aquarian Sdn Bhd.