Table of Contents Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Professional Survey Report 2018 1 Industry Overview of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.1 Definition and Specifications of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.1.1 Definition of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.1.2 Specifications of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.2 Classification of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.2.1 Electrical Downhole Monitoring Systems 1.2.2 Fiber Optic Downhole Monitoring Systems 1.2.3 Wireless Downhole Communication Monitoring Systems 1.2.4 Other 1.3 Applications of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 1.3.1 Onshore Reservoirs 1.3.2 Offshore Reservoirs 1.3.3 Application 3 1.4 Market Segment by Regions 1.4.1 North America 1.4.2 China 1.4.3 Europe 1.4.4 Southeast Asia 1.4.5 Japan 1.4.6 India 2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers 2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 4 Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Overall Market Overview 4.1 2013-2018E Overall Market Analysis 4.2 Capacity Analysis 4.2.1 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis 4.2.2 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Capacity Analysis (Company Segment) 4.3 Sales Analysis 4.3.1 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales and Growth Rate Analysis 4.3.2 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Analysis (Company Segment) 4.4 Sales Price Analysis 4.4.1 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price 4.4.2 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment) 5 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Regional Market Analysis 5.1 North America Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.1.1 North America Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.1.2 North America 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.1.3 North America 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.1.4 North America 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 5.2 China Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.2.1 China Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.2.2 China 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.2.3 China 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.2.4 China 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 5.3 Europe Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.3.1 Europe Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.3.2 Europe 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.3.3 Europe 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.3.4 Europe 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 5.4 Southeast Asia Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.4.1 Southeast Asia Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.4.2 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.4.3 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.4.4 Southeast Asia 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 5.5 Japan Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.5.1 Japan Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.5.2 Japan 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.5.3 Japan 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.5.4 Japan 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 5.6 India Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Analysis 5.6.1 India Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Overview 5.6.2 India 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.6.3 India 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Analysis 5.6.4 India 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Share Analysis 6 Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Segment Market Analysis (by Type) 6.1 Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales by Type 6.2 Different Types of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Interview Price Analysis 6.3 Different Types of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Driving Factors Analysis 6.3.1 Electrical Downhole Monitoring Systems of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 6.3.2 Fiber Optic Downhole Monitoring Systems of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 6.3.3 Wireless Downhole Communication Monitoring Systems of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 6.3.4 Other of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 7 Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Segment Market Analysis (by Application) 7.1 Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption by Application 7.2 Different Application of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Interview Price Analysis 7.3 Different Application of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Driving Factors Analysis 7.3.1 Onshore Reservoirs of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 7.3.2 Offshore Reservoirs of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Growth Driving Factor Analysis 8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 8.1 Halliburton Co 8.1.1 Company Profile 8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.1.2.1 Product A 8.1.2.2 Product B 8.1.3 Halliburton Co 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.1.4 Halliburton Co 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.2 Weatherford International Limited 8.2.1 Company Profile 8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.2.2.1 Product A 8.2.2.2 Product B 8.2.3 Weatherford International Limited 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.2.4 Weatherford International Limited 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.3 CGG SA 8.3.1 Company Profile 8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.3.2.1 Product A 8.3.2.2 Product B 8.3.3 CGG SA 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.3.4 CGG SA 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.4 Petrospec Engineering 8.4.1 Company Profile 8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.4.2.1 Product A 8.4.2.2 Product B 8.4.3 Petrospec Engineering 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.4.4 Petrospec Engineering 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.5 Schlumberger Limited 8.5.1 Company Profile 8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.5.2.1 Product A 8.5.2.2 Product B 8.5.3 Schlumberger Limited 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.5.4 Schlumberger Limited 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.6 Baker Hughes Inc 8.6.1 Company Profile 8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.6.2.1 Product A 8.6.2.2 Product B 8.6.3 Baker Hughes Inc 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.6.4 Baker Hughes Inc 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.7 Multi-Chase Group 8.7.1 Company Profile 8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.7.2.1 Product A 8.7.2.2 Product B 8.7.3 Multi-Chase Group 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.7.4 Multi-Chase Group 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.8 OCTIO AS 8.8.1 Company Profile 8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.8.2.1 Product A 8.8.2.2 Product B 8.8.3 OCTIO AS 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.8.4 OCTIO AS 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.9 Roxar Software Solutions AS 8.9.1 Company Profile 8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.9.2.1 Product A 8.9.2.2 Product B 8.9.3 Roxar Software Solutions AS 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.9.4 Roxar Software Solutions AS 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Analysis 9 Development Trend of Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market 9.1 Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Trend Analysis 9.1.1 Global 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 9.1.2 Global 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price Forecast 9.2 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Regional Market Trend 9.2.1 North America 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.2.2 China 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.2.3 Europe 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.2.4 Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.2.5 Japan 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.2.6 India 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Forecast 9.3 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Trend (Product Type) 9.4 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Trend (Application) 10 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Marketing Type Analysis 10.1 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Regional Marketing Type Analysis 10.2 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems International Trade Type Analysis 10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Region 10.4 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Supply Chain Analysis 11 Consumers Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 11.1 Consumer 1 Analysis 11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis 11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis 11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis 12 Conclusion of the Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Professional Survey Report 2017 Methodology Analyst Introduction Data Source

List of Tables and Figures Figure Picture of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Table Product Specifications of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Table Classification of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Figure Global Production Market Share of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Type in 2017 Figure Electrical Downhole Monitoring Systems Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Electrical Downhole Monitoring Systems Figure Fiber Optic Downhole Monitoring Systems Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Fiber Optic Downhole Monitoring Systems Figure Wireless Downhole Communication Monitoring Systems Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Wireless Downhole Communication Monitoring Systems Figure Other Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Other Table Applications of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Figure Global Consumption Volume Market Share of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Application in 2017 Figure Onshore Reservoirs Examples Table Major Consumers in Onshore Reservoirs Figure Offshore Reservoirs Examples Table Major Consumers in Offshore Reservoirs Figure Market Share of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Regions Figure North America Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure China Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Europe Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Southeast Asia Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Japan Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure India Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Table Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Raw Material and Suppliers Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems in 2017 Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Figure Industry Chain Structure of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Global Capacity, Sales , Price, Cost, Sales Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Volume) and Growth Rate Figure Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Value) and Growth Rate Table 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Capacity and Growth Rate Table 2017 Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Capacity (K Units) List (Company Segment) Table 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate Table 2017 Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales (K Units) List (Company Segment) Table 2013-2018E Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Table 2017 Global Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) List (Company Segment) Figure North America Capacity Overview Table North America Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure North America 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure North America 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Figure China Capacity Overview Table China Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure China 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure China 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Figure Europe Capacity Overview Table Europe Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure Europe 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Europe 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Figure Southeast Asia Capacity Overview Table Southeast Asia Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Southeast Asia 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Figure Japan Capacity Overview Table Japan Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure Japan 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Japan 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Figure India Capacity Overview Table India Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems 2013-2018E Figure India 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure India 2017 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Market Share Table Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales (K Units) by Type Table Different Types Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Interview Price Table Global 2013-2018E Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales (K Units) by Application Table Different Application Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Product Interview Price Table Halliburton Co Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Halliburton Co Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Halliburton Co Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Weatherford International Limited Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Weatherford International Limited Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Weatherford International Limited Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table CGG SA Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2015 CGG SA Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 CGG SA Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Petrospec Engineering Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Petrospec Engineering Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Petrospec Engineering Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Schlumberger Limited Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Schlumberger Limited Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Schlumberger Limited Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Baker Hughes Inc Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Baker Hughes Inc Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Baker Hughes Inc Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Multi-Chase Group Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Multi-Chase Group Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Multi-Chase Group Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table OCTIO AS Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 OCTIO AS Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 OCTIO AS Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Table Roxar Software Solutions AS Information List Table Product A Overview Table Product B Overview Table 2017 Roxar Software Solutions AS Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Roxar Software Solutions AS Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Business Region Distribution Figure Global 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Global 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Global 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast Figure North America 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure China 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Europe 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Japan 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure India 2018-2025 Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Table Global Sales Volume (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Type 2018-2025 Table Global Consumption Volume (K Units) of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Application 2018-2025 Table Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Oil & Gas Reservoir Monitoring Systems by Region